Terpenes are the aromatic compounds responsible for plants’ rich scents and flavors—including cannabis, pine, citrus fruits, and lavender. When sourcing terpenes in Pennsylvania, the legal landscape can be confusing. Are all terpenes legal? Does it matter if they’re derived from cannabis or other sources?
The answer depends on their origin, intended use, and compliance with state and federal laws. In this guide, we’ll break down what you need to know so you can make informed decisions when buying terpenes in the Keystone State.
Key Takeaways
- In Pennsylvania, terpenes derived from hemp (with less than 0.3% THC) are legal under federal and state law.
- Terpene-infused non-consumable products like candles face fewer restrictions, while ingestible or inhalable terpene products must comply with Pennsylvania’s medical marijuana program.
- Purchase terpenes from transparent companies that provide third-party lab reports verifying legal sourcing, purity, and THC content for compliance and safety.
What Are Terpenes?
Terpenes are aromatic compounds that give plants their distinctive smells and flavors. In the cannabis landscape, terpenes are prized for their potential therapeutic benefits and contribution to each strain’s unique aroma and flavor profile. Over 100 different terpenes have been identified in cannabis plants.
Some of the most common cannabis terpenes include myrcene (earthy, musky), limonene (citrusy), pinene (pine), and linalool (floral, lavender). These terpenes aren’t unique to cannabis. Myrcene, for example, is also found in hops, thyme, and lemongrass.
Terpenes aren’t just about smell and taste. Research suggests they may synergize with cannabinoids like THC and CBD to produce specific effects. This synergy is known as the entourage effect.
Why Are Terpenes Important?
Terpenes influence the overall experience and potential benefits of cannabis and other plant-based products. They interact uniquely with the human body, offering more than just appealing scents and flavors.
Research suggests that terpenes may influence the effects of cannabinoids like THC and CBD through the entourage effect. This synergistic interaction could potentially enhance or modulate the therapeutic properties of cannabis.
Some terpenes, such as limonene and pinene, possess potential anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and stress-relieving effects. Others, like myrcene and linalool, have relaxing or sedative properties.
Beyond cannabis, terpenes are used in aromatherapy, natural perfumes, and even cleaning products for their pleasant scents and potential benefits. Industries in the food and beverage, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors use terpenes in their products.
As interest in terpenes’ potential health benefits grows, so does the need for clear regulations and quality control measures. Consumers and businesses should stay informed about the legal status of terpenes and only purchase from reputable sources.
Terpene Legality in Pennsylvania
The legality of terpenes in Pennsylvania depends on whether they’re derived from hemp or marijuana. Thanks to the 2018 Farm Bill, hemp that contains less than 0.3% THC is legal under federal law, which means hemp-derived terpenes are also federally legal.
To ensure you stay within legal boundaries when buying or using terpenes in Pennsylvania, familiarize yourself with the relevant laws and regulations. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the legality of terpenes in the state.
1. Understand the Source
First, determine the origin of the terpenes. Terpenes derived from compliant hemp plants are generally legal under federal law. However, terpenes extracted from marijuana plants are illegal.
If you’re interested in using terpenes to enhance your cannabis experience, make sure you know the source and legal status of the products. Stick with reputable suppliers who can provide third-party lab results to verify the purity and potency of their terpenes.
2. Check State Regulations
Pennsylvania has a medical marijuana program allowing registered patients to access cannabis products. However, adult-use marijuana remains illegal in the state.
Review the specific regulations regarding terpenes within Pennsylvania’s legal framework. The state’s medical marijuana law, known as Act 16, allows the use of medical marijuana by patients with qualifying conditions. This includes products containing terpenes derived from cannabis.
Hemp-derived terpenes containing less than 0.3% THC are legal in Pennsylvania, aligning with federal regulations. You can legally purchase and use these terpenes for various purposes, such as aromatherapy or flavoring.
However, marijuana-derived terpenes may only be legal for registered medical marijuana patients in Pennsylvania. Recreational marijuana use is still illegal in the state.
To remain compliant with Pennsylvania’s cannabis laws, consult the state’s official resources. A good place to start is the Pennsylvania Department of Health’s Medical Marijuana Program website.
3. Consider Intended Use
How you intend to use terpenes can impact their legal status in Pennsylvania. If it’s for flavoring purposes in non-consumable products, such as candles or potpourri, you may face fewer restrictions than using them in ingestible or inhaled products.
However, additional regulations may apply if you want to use terpenes in food, beverages, or dietary supplements. The Pennsylvania Food Safety Act sets food manufacturing, processing, and labeling standards, so ensure your terpene-infused products comply with these regulations and other relevant federal laws set by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
When using terpenes in inhalable products, like vape oils or concentrates, you must adhere to the state’s medical marijuana program rules if the terpenes are derived from cannabis. Only registered patients can legally purchase and use these products.
For hemp-derived terpenes in inhalable products, ensure they meet the state’s hemp regulations and contain less than 0.3% THC.
If you’re considering using terpenes for therapeutic or medicinal purposes, consult a healthcare professional familiar with Pennsylvania’s medical marijuana program. They can guide you on the legal use of terpenes for your specific health needs.
Remember, the legal landscape surrounding terpenes and cannabis is constantly evolving. What may be permitted now could change in the future, so stay informed to ensure you’re using terpenes legally and safely.
4. Stay Informed
Staying current on Pennsylvania’s terpene regulations is more important than ever. The legal landscape shifts as new research emerges and public opinion evolves.
Check the Pennsylvania Department of Health’s Medical Marijuana Program website regularly for updates on terpene legality and changes to the state’s medical marijuana program. This official resource provides the most accurate and timely information on cannabis-related laws in Pennsylvania.
You can also follow reputable cannabis news sources and industry organizations to stay informed about national trends and developments that may impact Pennsylvania’s terpene regulations. The National Cannabis Industry Association and Americans for Safe Access offer valuable insights.
If you have questions or concerns about the legality of terpenes, consult a knowledgeable cannabis attorney. They can help you navigate Pennsylvania’s terpene regulations.
Overall, we recommend buying terpenes from transparent, compliant companies that openly share their sourcing and testing information. These businesses are typically up-to-date with the latest regulations and best practices to ensure their products are safe, legal, and of the highest quality.
Remember, knowledge is power. By staying informed and working with reputable providers, you can confidently explore the potential benefits of these fascinating compounds while remaining within the bounds of state law.
Choosing Compliant Terpene Products
When shopping for terpenes in Pennsylvania, look for products sourced from legal hemp. Reputable companies typically provide third-party lab results verifying their products’ terpene profile and THC content.
These lab reports, also known as Certificates of Analysis (COAs), should be readily available on the company’s website or upon request. COAs from an independent, accredited laboratory confirm that the terpenes meet legal requirements and are free from contaminants like pesticides or heavy metals.
When purchasing terpenes in Pennsylvania, verify they are sourced from legal hemp and comply with state and federal regulations. Reputable companies provide third-party lab results confirming the terpene profile and THC content of their products.
Avoid purchasing terpenes from unverified sources or companies that cannot provide proof of compliance. Stick with transparent brands committed to quality, safety, and legal adherence.
Using Terpenes Responsibly
When using terpenes, do so responsibly and in accordance with the law. If you’re a medical marijuana patient, follow your healthcare provider’s guidance and the state’s medical marijuana program regulations.
Hemp-derived terpenes can be used for non-medical purposes, such as aromatherapy diffusers, candles, or topical products. However, if you plan to use terpenes in food or beverages, ensure they are food-grade and comply with relevant regulations from the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture.
Supporting Transparent Terpene Providers
When you buy terpenes from reputable providers, you contribute to a more responsible and sustainable terpene market in Pennsylvania. These businesses invest in proper sourcing, rigorous testing, and adherence to state and federal regulations. You also promote ethical practices and push for greater transparency in the industry.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Hemp-Derived Terpenes Legal in Pennsylvania?
Yes, terpenes from legal hemp plants with less than 0.3% THC are legal under Pennsylvania and federal law.
Can I Buy Marijuana-Derived Terpenes in Pennsylvania?
No, terpenes from marijuana plants are illegal in Pennsylvania unless purchased through the state’s medical marijuana program by registered patients.
What Should I Consider When Buying Terpenes in Pennsylvania?
Here are the main considerations to think of when buying terpenes in Pennsylvania:
- Source: Confirm the terpenes come from legal hemp.
- Compliance: Ensure the product meets Pennsylvania’s state and federal regulations.
- Intended Use: Some restrictions apply to terpenes used in consumable products.
- Testing: Choose terpenes with third-party lab verification for purity and compliance.
Terpene Belt Farms provides high-quality, compliant hemp-derived terpenes designed for legal use in Pennsylvania. Shop now!
References
2016 Act 16. (n.d.). The Official Website for the Pennsylvania General Assembly. Retrieved March 18, 2025, from https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/li/uconsCheck.cfm?yr=2016&sessInd=0&act=16
Americans for Safe Access. (n.d.). Americans for Safe Access. Retrieved March 18, 2025, from https://www.safeaccessnow.org/
Christensen, C., Rose, M., Cornett, C., & Allesø, M. (2023). Decoding the postulated entourage effect of medicinal cannabis: What it is and what it isn’t. Biomedicines, 11(8), 2323. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082323
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Food manufacturing, packing, holding and distribution. (n.d.-a). Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Retrieved March 18, 2025, from https://www.agriculture.pa.gov/consumer_protection/FoodSafety/manufacturing-packing-holding-distribution/Pages/default.aspx
H.R.2 – 115th Congress (2017-2018): Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018. (2018, December 20). Library of Congress. https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/2
Medical marijuana. (n.d.). Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Retrieved March 18, 2025, from https://www.health.pa.gov/topics/programs/Medical%20Marijuana/Pages/Medical%20Marijuana.aspx
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Surendran, S., Qassadi, F., Surendran, G., Lilley, D., & Heinrich, M. (2021). Myrcene—What are the potential health benefits of this flavouring and aroma agent? Frontiers in Nutrition, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.699666
Weston-Green, K., Clunas, H., & Jimenez Naranjo, C. (2021). A review of the potential use of pinene and linalool as terpene-based medicines for brain health: Discovering novel therapeutics in the flavours and fragrances of cannabis. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.583211
Xavier, V., Spréa, R., Finimundy, T. C., Heleno, S. A., Amaral, J. S., Barros, L., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2023). Terpenes. In Natural Secondary Metabolites (pp. 107–156). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18587-8_5